There is quite a lot of controversy about the place of biology (natural sciences) in Nietzsche's thought, and I found Gregory Moore's detailed analysis completely convincing. For example on the difficult question of the place of eugenics in Nietzsche's thought.
On negative eugenics (eliminating hereditary defects), G. Moore locates Nietzsche's quite clear statements (for example in Twilight of Idols IX, 36) within the widespread fear of degeneration at the end of the 19th century.
As to positive eugenics, (attempting to control human reproduction to select positive traits), G. Moore convincingly demonstrates that this was not a central point for Nietzsche, because, like most scholars in the 1880ies, he believed in the heredity of acquired traits, according to the theory of Lamarck. So it would suffice to train a new generation in an ascending, affirmative way of life, to make those characteristics hereditary. G Moore's commentary on the fragment VII 3, 37 [8) from 1885 is specially convincing, on p 177 :
"Only such a rigidly pyramidal Platonic-Aryan society can enable and sustain breeding of a ruling caste of Übermenschen from amongst 'a particular strong kind of men of the highest intellectual strength and will', who have thus far remained merely individual 'strokes of luck'. throughout the history of human civilization. The term 'breeding' which Nietzsche repeatedly employs to describe this process is notoriously ambiguous. It can imply 'breeding' in both the biological and moral sense, and Nietzsche characteristically plays on both - for according to his biologism, moral and physiological "breeding' (Zucht) amount essentially to the same thing. Nowhere, as his eugenicist interpreters often complained, does he even hint at the biological measures necessary to realize his goal. It is the imposition of a new morality, of which the new social order is itself an expression, that achieves this end, a morality 'with the aim of breeding a ruling caste - the future masters of the earth.'"
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